I am particularly interested in how we get social and –community problems addressed in our county. According to Hardcastle and Powers, Community Organizing is the beginning of stage of ensuring that an intolerable problem is being addressed. They further state that there are four critical stages of development in the life of a social issue. So I decided to retrace a program in which I had been working in and the changes have happened as a result of the processes Hardcastle and powers described.
The first stage: In the late 80’s organizations such as the Child Welfare League of America, a John Burton Foundation and the Casey Foundation were collecting statistics and proof that the needs of foster youth who had aged of the system were not being met. These youth had no adults to turn to when they were aging out at 18 and who were were not likely to be adopted because they were classified as unadoptable. These youth were more likely to experience homelessness, substance abuse, mental health issues, and criminalization.
The second stage occurred when the government became engaged in 1986, out of concern that adolescents who aged-out of the foster care system were not equipped to live on their own, and Congress authorized the Independent Living Program. The new program, which was authorized under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (Public Law 99-272), provided funding for states to help older foster youth make the transition from foster care to independence.
The third stage occurred in when renewed claims for the original problem changed and demanded further specific supports and improvements of existing programs established the John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence Program to offer new services and supports
To children aging out of foster care and to increase state accountability for their outcomes.
Included a requirement that foster parents be adequately prepared to care for the older children placed with them. Increased funding levels for independent living activities and, for the first time in federal law, specified that a portion of these funds could be used for room and board for young people ages 18 to 21 that were leaving foster care. Gave states the option of providing Medicaid coverage to young people between the ages of 18 and 21 who were in foster care on their 18th birthdays. Increased the amount of assets a young person in foster care could have in order to have continued eligibility for Title IV-E funding. An example of this was a county a county self assessment that occurred in 2006 in which one of the area identified was: “Programs of interest for transitional age youth need to be more available. This includes information on college applications, standardized testing, obtaining legal documents, as well as recreational activities. More affordable housing for youth transitioning out of the foster care system (ages 18-24 years) needs to be available. Humboldt County needs more housing options for this age youth including residential alcohol and other drug treatment programs with strong after-care services as well as a detox facility. Humboldt County needs more Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) programs for youth. Transportation is often a challenge for youth transitioning out of the foster care system. A Dial-a-Ride system for youth would facilitate youth attending office visits, appointments, and employment services” (p.76). http://co.humboldt.ca.us/HHS/SSB/Documents/Humboldt%20County%20Child%20and%20Family%20Services%20Review%20Part%20I%20-%20County%20Self-Assessment%2009-2006.pdf
The fourth stage of the returning to the community is currently in the process. Advisory and advocacy boards are being comprised of youth who have survived the system. There is a shift the power of who is designating, implementing and sustaining the program over to a philosophy of bottom up change and youth driven services. Programs are being contracted out to non profit or private agencies whose philosophies and practice meet the need to move programs away from the red bureaucracy of the government and into the realm of community responsibility. An example of this final stage of the life of this issue I the formation of a Program called the Humboldt County Transitional Aged Youth Collaboration (HCTAYC) Who has formed a Youth Advisory Board and is currently making Policy recommendations that is changing how services are being offered and delivered to all youth in Humboldt County. http://www.humboldtyouth.org/
I have over the last several years participated in the process of addressing this community issue. These are exciting and promising times for our youth even with the current state of the economy. The emphasis on preserving the current services and continuing to improve up on services to current and former foster youth is such that it exemplifies the importance of bottom up reform and consumer involvement in the planning and provision of services for disadvantages populations.
Works Cited
David A. Hardcastle, P. R. (2004). Community Practice Theories and ANd skills for Social Workers. New York: Oxford University Press.

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